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Spring Boot makes Java development faster and easier by providing a pre-configured setup for building standalone applications. Many companies use it to build scalable, cloud-ready services. That’s why knowledge of Spring Boot is often expected in Java developer interviews. Whether you’re applying for a backend developer, full stack developer, or software engineer role, understanding Spring Boot basics and advanced features is essential.
On this page, we’ve put together some of the most common Spring Boot interview questions and answers. We cover topics like dependency injection, Spring Boot annotations, REST controllers, application properties, and error handling. This guide is perfect for freshers who are just starting out, as well as experienced developers who want to brush up on core concepts. Practice these questions and build confidence to handle technical interviews smoothly. With the right strategies, you can stand out and prove your expertise in Spring Boot.
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order_small=”0″ spacing_left_medium=”” spacing_right_medium=”” spacing_left_small=”” spacing_right_small=”” spacing_left=”” spacing_right=”” margin_top_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_top_medium=”” padding_right_medium=”” padding_bottom_medium=”” padding_left_medium=”” padding_top_small=”” padding_right_small=”” padding_bottom_small=”” padding_left_small=”” padding_top=”20px” padding_right=”20px” padding_bottom=”20px” padding_left=”20px” hover_type=”none” border_sizes_top=”” border_sizes_right=”” border_sizes_bottom=”” border_sizes_left=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius_top_left=”” border_radius_top_right=”” border_radius_bottom_right=”” border_radius_bottom_left=”” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_vertical=”” box_shadow_horizontal=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” first=”true”][fusion_accordion type=”accordions” boxed_mode=”no” border_size=”1″ border_color=”” background_color=”” hover_color=”” divider_line=”” title_font_size=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_boxed_mode=”” icon_box_color=”#4f4f4f” icon_alignment=”right” toggle_hover_accent_color=”#3ed9df” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”interview_list” id=””][fusion_toggle title=”Question 21: What are the key components of Spring Boot?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
The essential components of Spring Boot are as follows:
- Spring Boot Starter
- Spring Boot autoconfiguration
- Spring Boot Actuator
- Spring Boot CLI
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 22: What is a Spring CLI?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Spring CLI represents a Command Line Interface for Spring Boot. CLI can run Groovy scripts that eliminate the need to write boilerplate code; thus, it enables them to focus on business logic. It is the fastest way to create Spring-based applications.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 23: Where can you define the properties in a Spring Boot application?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
The properties of a Spring Boot application can be defined into a file called application.properties. You can use Spring Initializer to create the file.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 24: What embedded containers does Spring support?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Spring Boot support three main embedded containers:
- Jetty
- Tomcat
- Undertow
- Spring Boot uses Tomcat as an embedded container by default
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 25: Highlight the main differences between Hibernate & JPA?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Hibernate facilitates ORM or Object-Relational Mapping. It enables users to retrieve, store, map, & update application’s data to & from Java objects & relational databases. Hibernate maps the Java data types to Structured Query Language or SQL data types, and the classes in Java are mapped to the database tables. Thus, it relieves developers from scripting data persistence SQL programs.On the other hand, a Spring Data JPA provides an abstraction over the Data Access Layer, applying JPA & ORM implementations, such as Hibernate. JPA renders the smooth implementation of JPA repositories. It aims to improve the overall implementation of the Data Access Layer to a great extent.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 26: What is a shutdown in an Actuator?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
The shutdown is an endpoint that helps applications to be shut down smoothly. It is not enabled by default. Thus, to enable the shutdown feature, you need to use management.endpoint.shutdown.enabled=true in the application.properties file.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 27: What are some key differences between RequestMapping & GetMapping ?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
- RequestMapping:It is one of the annotations of the Spring Model View Controller. The RequestMapping annotation is mainly used for mapping web requests into some specific handler classes & handler methods. One of the major benefits of this annotation is that it can be applied to both the controller class & methods. Generally, @requestmapping is considered as a class-level annotation. One can redefine the RequestMapping with the help of the method level.
It is advised to be specific when declaring a RequestMapping on the controller methods as it is a lengthy annotation that requires more typing than the GetMapping method. Due to its time taking nature & need for long typing code, it is often only used for framing the base path & not for other levels. Coding with the RequestMapping annotation can result in a complex & lengthy code that may become troublesome for coders as it is difficult to pick out errors from so code lines. - GetMapping:It is also a Spring annotation used in mapping HTTP GET requests into some specific handler methods. GetMapping is not usually used in mapping the handler classes. It is an annotation that acts as a shortcut of RequestMapping. Also, the lines of code in GetMapping are comparatively less than RequestMapping. Getmapping is relatively a new annotation that was developed to overcome the drawbacks of RequestMapping annotation. It can be considered as a specialization with RequestMapping annotation that can be used to map & get requests only.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 28: What do you mean by LiveReload in Spring Boot ?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
LiveReload means a Spring Boot DevTools module that includes an embedded server named as LiveReload. It enables applications to automictically trigger a browser refresh when we make any changes in the resources. It is also called auto-refresh.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 29: What is hot-swapping in Spring Boot ?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Hot-swapping is a way to reload the changes without restarting the Jetty or Tomcat server. Eclipse and many other IDEs support the bytecode hot swapping. If you have made changes that do not affect the method signature, then it should reload without any side effects.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 30: What is Auto-Configuration in Spring Boot?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Auto-configuration is a feature of Spring Boot used to configure a Spring application based on the classpath parameter’s dependencies. It helps to make easier & faster development.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 31: How do you enable logging in to Spring Boot?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Spring Boot utilizes Apache Commons logging for all the internal loggings. It has default configurations that render support for Log4j2, Java Util Logging, & Logback. You can configure the console & file logging using these logging options.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 32: What is CORS in Spring Boot?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing, abbreviated as CORS, is a security mechanism that restricts resource implementation in web browsers. It prevents JavaScript code from consuming or producing requests against different origins.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 33: What are some sources of external configuration?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Spring Boot allows developers to run the same application in different environments through external configuration. It deploys properties files, environment variables, YAML files, system properties, & command-line arguments to mention the required configuration properties. Below are some possible sources of external configuration:
- Application Properties- By default, Spring Boot searches for an application YAML file or properties file in the current directory, config directory, or classpath root to load the properties.
- Command-line properties-Spring Boot offers command-line arguments & converts them to properties. It then adds them to a set of environment properties.
- Profile-specific properties– These properties are loaded from an application-{profile}. YAML file or properties file. It resides in the same location as the non-specific property files & the{profile} placeholder refers to an active profile.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 34: What is the role of Spring Data?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Spring Data aims to streamline the use of cloud-based data services, relational, non-relational databases, & other data access technologies. It makes it easy to access data while retaining the underlying data.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 35: What are the main differences between @SpringBootApplication & @EnableAutoConfiguration annotation?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Both @SpringBootApplication & @EnableAutoConfiguration annotations are used to enable the auto-configuration of Spring Boot; however, they do share some differences. The @SpringBootApplication annotation performs more functions than @EnableAutoConfiguration. It is a combination of three annotations:
- @Configuration- It is used in Java-based configuration on Spring.
- @ComponentScan- This annotation enables scanning of the components you write, e.g., @Controller classes.
- @EnableAutoConfgiuration- It enables auto-configuration in the Spring Boot applications.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 36. How to register a custom auto-configuration?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
To register a custom auto-configuration class with Spring Boot, you must have its fully-qualified name listed under the EnableAutoConfiguration key in the META-INF/spring.factories file.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 37: What do you mean by Swagger?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Swagger is a specification, open-source tool & complete framework implementation for producing visual representation or APIs of RESTful Web Services. It allows documentation to be updated at the same pace as that of the server.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 38: What is Spring Batch? How to implement it using Spring Boot?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
Spring Batch offers reusable functions essential in processing large volumes of records, such as tracing/logging, job restart, job processing statistics, transaction management, & resource management. It provides more advanced technical features & services that enable high-volume & performance batch jobs through partitioning & optimization techniques. To implement Spring Batch, you need to add the annotation of @EnableBatchProcessing in the configuration class file.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 39: What is a FreeMarker Template?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
FreeMarker refers to a server-side Java template engine for both standalone & web environments. These templates are written in (FTL) FreeMarker Template Language, which is a specialized & simple language. The programmers can work on the application’s code while the designers can work on its Html page design. By FreeMarker, these functions can be combined to give the final output page.
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Question 40: What do you mean by AOP? How to use it with Spring Boot?” open=”no” class=”” id=””]
Answer:
AOP or Aspect-Oriented Programming refers to a programming pattern that enlarge modularity by allowing the separation of a cross-cutting concern different from the main business logic. One can add an additional behavior to the existing code without modification of the code.
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